By Boureima Balima
NIAMEY (Reuters) – In a year marked by setbacks for West African democracy, Niger is poised to hold an election on Sunday that will lead to the country’s first transition of power between two freely elected presidents.
President Mahamadou Issoufou is stepping aside after two five-year terms, in contrast to leaders in Ivory Coast and Guinea who used constitutional changes to extend their tenures to three terms.
That represents a milestone for Niger, which has experienced four coups since gaining independence from France in 1960. The practical significance, however, is less clear. Mohamed Bazoum, Issoufou’s handpicked successor and the favourite in the race, is campaigning on a message of near-total continuity.
The 60-year-old former interior minister has vowed to continue Issoufou’s policies for combating Islamist violence and tackling poverty. His policy platform, dubbed Renaissance 3, is named after Issoufou’s Renaissance 1 and Renaissance 2 governing agendas. Bazoum’s campaign manager is Issoufou’s son.
“We are going to consolidate the gains of the past 10 years,” Bazoum said on the campaign trail. “We are going to continue in the direction set by President Mahamadou Issoufou.”
The new president will inherit a security crisis. Twice the size of France, Niger touches two of Africa’s bloodiest conflicts – one near its western border with Mali and Burkina, where jihadists linked to al Qaeda and Islamic State are active, and another near its southeastern border with Nigeria, where Boko Haram operates.
In the past year alone, hundreds of Nigerien soldiers and civilians have been killed in attacks. The latest, blamed on Boko Haram, killed 28 people on Dec. 12.
Pervasive corruption has undermined the fight. A government audit this year found almost 40% of the $312 million Niger spent on defence contracts in the past three years was lost through inflated costs or materiel that was not delivered.
The economy will be another challenge. More than 40% of the population lived in extreme poverty in 2019, according to the World Bank. The COVID-19 pandemic, low prices for top export uranium and the impact of climate change have all further hit the economy this year.
Bazoum will face 29 other candidates, including Mahamane Ousmame, who was president from 1993-1996, and Seini Oumarou, a former prime minister. The runner-up in the last election, Hama Amadou, is barred from running because of a criminal conviction.
Only Bazoum has waged much of a campaign so far, owing to the ruling party’s vast financial advantages. The election will go to a second round if no candidate receives more than 50% of the vote.
“We think a transfer of power is a good thing, but if Bazoum is elected, he will need to combat many ills, including corruption and the politicization of the civil service,” said Bibata Garba, a nurse in the capital Niamey.
(Writing by Aaron Ross, editing by Larry King)
